Unusual course of a haematoma of the thigh

To cite: Ourique C, RegoCosta F, Torres-Ramalho P. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/ bcr-2017-219204 DESCRIPTION A Caucasian woman aged 56 years presented to emergency room (ER) department with leucorrhoea and fever since 48 hours. She was a smoker, had no diabetes history, no prosthetic material and denied use of injected drugs. A month before, the patient had a closed inguinal trauma due to fall from height with a muscle strain of the anterior right thigh. Despite rest and analgesics, she went to ER several times because of progressive local pain and swelling. After 3 weeks, a local ultrasound scan showed a 3 cm size haematoma associated with probable rupture of obturator internus and rectus femoris muscles. On the following days, she developed fetid leucorrhoea associated with movements and compression of the anterior thigh. On physical examination and analyses, she had sepsis criteria and the abdomen/pelvic CT scan (figure1A, B) and MRI (figure1C, D) showed an abscess of 105×25mm size, complicated with osteomyelitis of the femur and fistulisation to the vagina through obturador foramen. The patient was treated with empiric large-spectrum antibiotics (piperacillin/ tazobactam and linezolid) and surgical drainage with soft-tissue debridement was performed. Anaerobic agents and a Streptococcus specimen were found on the exudate material. Blood cultures and HIV test were negative. One month has passed and the patient is clinically and radiologically improving. The antimicrobial therapy will be maintained according to her medical course. In this patient, the gradual symptoms and the closed trauma misled the physicians, leading to delay of the diagnosis. The acute osteomyelitis was secondary to a contiguous spread of the infected haematoma and, as expected in these cases, polymicrobial population was identified. The extension of the infection with fistulisation is an unusual feature in a patient with no immunosuppressive condition.